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Dynamic mechanism for the decline of China’s energy intensity during the 11th FYP (Five-Year Plan)

Minghui LI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 237-249 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0130-x

摘要： From 2006 to 2009, the aggregate energy intensity of China fell by 14.38%, which means that China has made substantial progress towards its goal of achieving approximately a 20% reduction in energy intensity during the period of the 11th FYP (Five-Year Plan). This paper describes some new properties of the mechanism for the decrease in China’s energy intensity since the beginning of the 11th FYP. First, compared with the period of the 10th FYP, technical, structural, and residential energy-savings have been improved to a certain extent. Secondly, unlike the dynamic mechanism before 2000, technical energy savings have been the main driver of momentum since the beginning of the 11th FYP. Next, although structural energy savings are not the main factor, they are still a key factor for the decrease in energy intensity. Finally, residential energy savings are still a stable driver of momentum for the decline in China’s energy intensity.

关键词： energy intensity     structural energy savings     technical energy savings    

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Heating energy savings potential from retrofitting old apartments with an advanced double-skin façade

Yeo Beom YOON, Byeongmo SEO, Brian Baewon KOH, Soolyeon CHO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 224-240 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0801-1

摘要： Apartments account for over 60% of total residential buildings and consume a significant portion of primary energy in South Korea. Various energy efficiency measures have been implemented for both new apartment constructions and existing apartment retrofits. Old apartment structures have poor thermal performances, resulting in a high energy consumption. The South Korean government initiated retrofitting projects to improve the energy efficiency in old apartments. Apartment owners typically replace old windows with high-performance windows; however, there is still a demand for better and more innovative retrofit methods for a highly improved energy efficiency. This paper proposes an advanced double-skin façade (DSF) system to replace existing balcony windows in old apartments. Considering the cold climate conditions of Seoul, South Korea, it mainly discusses heating energy savings. Three case models were developed: Base-Case with existing apartment, Case-1 with typical retrofitting, and Case-2 with the proposed DSF system. The EnergyPlus simulation program was used to develop simulation models for a floor radiant heating system. A typical gas boiler was selected for low-temperature radiant system modeling. The air flow network method was used to model the proposed DSF system. Five heating months, i.e., November to March, and one representative day, i.e., January 24, were selected for detailed analysis. The main heat loss areas consist of windows, walls, and infiltration. The results reveal that the apartment with the DSF retrofit saves 38.8% on the annual heating energy compared to the Base-Case and 35.2% compared to Case-1.

关键词： double-skin façade     retrofitting     high-rise apartment     heating energy     building simulation    

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Pathway to energy technical innovation and commercialization based on Internet plus DES

Huiping LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 65-78 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0391-5

摘要： The distributed energy system (DES) is a type of energy cascade utilization on the client side or close to the client, and it has become an important option of global energy transformation. In China, based on the experience of demonstration projects, the DES is now being commercialized. Under the new opportunity of energy production and consumption promoted by the national “Internet Plus” action plan, the development of the DES was reviewed in this paper; four categories of market demand and five key issues for DES deployment were analyzed; five types of potential DES users and five key points of technical path implementation proposed based on many years of engineering practices and hundreds of project case studies were proposed. 4E elements should be used to evaluate and choose the project and lead the innovation model of DES by energy production and consumption revolution with the sustainable development of the Internet plus DES. The future innovation models include intelligent energy modularity and menu-type services with the demands of the client side, and the kind of new thinking for DES services that “you are in charge of your own energy production and consumption, while we are also at service when needed for installation and maintenance.” The aim of innovation mode is to give the energy sovereign back to the people, and form a perfect Internet plus DES ecosystem.

关键词： “Internet Plus”     distributed energy system (DES)     business model     technical innovation     commercialization     DES industry ecosystem     energy revolution    

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Influences of Technical Innovation Mode on Innovation Strategy of Energy Enterprises

Lu Zhang,Dan-dan Wang,Min Wang,Ning Hui

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第3期   页码 283-289 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016048

摘要： Technical innovation is the core for enterprise competence and sustaining. Technical innovation strategy is the policy which the enterprise carries out for technology innovation in a long term. The paper took the practice of the technology innovation strategy in PetroChina Chang- qing Oilfield Company as a case study, and illustrated the significance, function and features of the self-developed technology innovation, cooperation development technology innovation and introduction-innovation based on the strategy structure of the energy enterprises. The suggestions for technology innovation strategy structure for large energy enterprise were proposed in the paper.

关键词： energy enterprise     technical innovation     innovation strategy    

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The carbon dioxide removal potential of Liquid Air Energy Storage: A high-level technical and economic

Andrew LOCKLEY, Ted von HIPPEL

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第3期   页码 456-464 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0102-8

摘要： Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) is at pilot scale. Air cooling and liquefaction stores energy; reheating revaporises the air at pressure, powering a turbine or engine (Ameel et al., 2013). Liquefaction requires water & CO removal, preventing ice fouling. This paper proposes subsequent geological storage of this CO – offering a novel Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) by-product, for the energy storage industry. It additionally assesses the scale constraint and economic opportunity offered by implementing this CDR approach. Similarly, established Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) uses air compression and subsequent expansion. CAES could also add CO scrubbing and subsequent storage, at extra cost. CAES stores fewer joules per kilogram of air than LAES – potentially scrubbing more CO per joule stored. Operational LAES/CAES technologies cannot offer full-scale CDR this century (Stocker et al., 2014), yet they could offer around 4% of projected CO disposals for LAES and<25% for current-technology CAES. LAES CDR could reach trillion-dollar scale this century (20 billion USD/year, to first order). A larger, less certain commercial CDR opportunity exists for modified conventional CAES, due to additional equipment requirements. CDR may be commercially critical for LAES/CAES usage growth, and the necessary infrastructure may influence plant scaling and placement. A suggested design for low-pressure CAES theoretically offers global-scale CDR potential within a century (ignoring siting constraints) – but this must be costed against competing CDR and energy storage technologies.

关键词： carbon dioxide removal     Liquid Air Energy Storage     Compressed Air Energy Storage     geoengineering    

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Spatial targeting evaluation of energy and environmental performance of waste-to-energy processing

Petar S. Varbanov, Timothy G. Walmsley, Yee V. Fan, Jiří J. Klemeš, Simon J. Perry

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 731-744 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1772-1

摘要：

Waste-to-energy supply chains are important potential contributors to minimising the environmental impacts of municipal solid waste by reducing the amounts of waste sent to landfill, as well as the fossil fuel consumption and environmental footprints. Accounting for the spatial and transport properties of the waste-to-energy supply chains is crucial for understanding the problem and improving the supply chain designs. The most significant challenge is the distributed nature of the waste generation and the household energy demands. The current work proposes concepts and a procedure for targeting the size of the municipal solid waste collection zone as the first step in the waste-to-energy supply chains synthesis. The formulated concepts and the provided case study reveal trends of reducing the net greenhouse gas savings and energy recovery by increasing the collection zone size. Population density has a positive correlation with the greenhouse gas saving and energy recovery performance. For smaller zone size the energy recovery from waste approaches and in some cases may surpass the energy spent on waste transportation. The energy recovery and greenhouse gas savings remain significant even for collection zones as large as 200 km2. The obtained trends are discussed and key directions for future work are proposed.

关键词： waste-to-energy     supply chain optimisation     GHG savings     energy recovery ratio    

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China’s energy—challenges and strategies

NI Weidou

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 1-8 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0001-2

摘要： In this century, China started facing five major challenges in the energy field: energy supply, shortage of liquid fuel, environmental pollution, green house gas (GHG) emission, and energy supply in rural areas. In this paper, the Chinese energy development strategy and general technical scheme (including energy conservation, utilization of coal, alternative fuel and renewable energy) are discussed, and some key scientific problems in the fundamental research of energy are put forward.

关键词： scientific     development strategy     utilization     technical     environmental pollution    

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新能源汽车发展意义及技术路线研究

陈清泉,高金燕,何璇,沈斌

《中国工程科学》 2018年 第20卷 第1期   页码 68-73 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.01.010

摘要：

本文从能源、环境、信息、科技等方面，剖析了我国发展新能源汽车的重大意义。规划设计出到2050年我国新能源汽车发展的战略目标路线。同时，结合已有相关研究，分析探讨了未来新能源汽车发展的整车基本技术路线、动力电池基本技术路线以及驱动电机、系统构型等动力总成的基本技术路线。最后，针对新能源汽车产业技术攻关，提出组建国家级技术创新联盟的建议，以期为我国未来新能源汽车发展提供战略参考。

关键词： 新能源汽车     重大意义     技术路线     措施建议    

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英国可再生能源技术管理与开发调研

吴力斌,王欣太

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第6期   页码 89-92

摘要：

介绍了中国农业部2000年9－10月赴英国可再生能源技术管理与开发培训考察团在英国的培训调研成果。对我国可再生能源的研究与开发工作提出了建议。

关键词： 可再生能源     技术开发     技术管理    

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Life cycle cost savings analysis on traditional drainage systems from low impact development strategies

Pengfei ZHANG, Samuel T. ARIARATNAM

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第1期   页码 88-97 doi: 10.1007/s42524-020-0063-y

摘要： Areas that are covered with natural vegetation have been converted into asphalt, concrete, or roofed structures and have increased surface impermeability and decreased natural drainage capability. Conventional drainage systems were built to mimic natural drainage patterns to prevent the occurrence of waterlogging in developed sites. These drainage systems consist of two major components: 1) a stormwater conduit system, and 2) a runoff storage system. Runoff storage systems contain retention basins and drywells that are used to store and percolate runoff, whereas conduit systems are combination of catch basins and conduit pipes used to collect and transport runoff. The construction of these drainage systems is costly and may cause significant environmental disturbance. In this study, low impact development (LID) methods that consist of extensive green roofs (GRs) and permeable interlocking concrete pavements (PICPs) are applied in real-world construction projects. Construction project documents were reviewed, and related cost information was gathered through the accepted bidding proposals and interviews of specialty contractors in the metropolitan area of Phoenix, Arizona. Results indicate that the application of both LID methods to existing projects can save an average of 27.2% in life cycle costs (LCC) for a 50-year service life and 18.7% in LCC for a 25-year service life on the proposed drainage system, respectively.

关键词： low impact development     traditional drainage system     hydraulic benefits     life-cycle cost    

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我国能源技术革命形势及方向分析

饶宏, 李立浧, 郭晓斌, 许爱东, 白浩

《中国工程科学》 2018年 第20卷 第3期   页码 9-16 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.03.002

摘要：

能源技术革命是助推能源消费、供给、体制革命和加强国际合作的基础，是实现清洁低碳、安全高效可持续的现代能源体系的支撑，是建设创新型国家的重要内容。本文阐述了我国的能源形势与面临的挑战，以2020年、2030年、2050年三个不同发展时期作为时间节点，研究了未来的能源结构。分析总结了技术发展的共同趋势，即实现多领域能源技术协同并进。明确了技术发展方向，即实现能源技术的跨越式发展和引领，构建中国特色的能源技术创新体系。

关键词： 能源技术革命     能源形势     能源结构     技术趋势     技术方向    

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Tackling global electricity shortage through human power: Technical opportunities from direct or indirectutilizations of the pervasive and green human energy

Dan DAI, Jing LIU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 210-226 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0200-3

摘要： With the energy and environmental problems becoming increasingly serious, human power, as a pervasive, renewable, mobile and environment friendly energy, draws more and more attention over the world. In this paper, the most basic features of human power are presented. The currently available human power harvesting theories and devices are briefly reviewed and compared. Further, direct or indirect utilization of human power in daily life, especially transportation and home appliances, such as human-powered car, watercraft, aircraft, washing machine and television etc. are summarized. Considering that the total energy from an individual is rather limited, as previously focused by most of the former works, it is conceived in this paper that an important future for large scale use of human powers lies in the efficient conversion, collection and storage of such energy from discrete people and then use it later on as desired. With the huge amount of energy gathered, the application category of human power would be significantly expended. Starting from this point, three technical ways towards efficiently utilizing human power are sketched, which are termed as human-powered grid (HPG), human-powered charger (HPC) and human-powered storage (HPS), among which, HPG is capable of collecting the electric power produced by each individual at different regions and thus can supply unique and flexible power to the customers covered in the area, without relying on the conventional electricity grid. The HPC can then charge various kinds of electrical devices instantly by a human driven generator which converts human power into electricity. Finally, the HPS can store electricity in time for later use. In this way, even for the devices requiring electricity that is strong enough, the collected human power can also serve as its reliable energy source. Meanwhile, utilization of human power becomes rather convenient and timely which guarantees its practical value. It is expected that with further research and increasing applications, human power could partially relieve the current global electricity shortage and environmental issues via its pervasive contribution.

关键词： human energy harvesting     human-powered transportation     human-powered home appliances     human-powered grid (HPG)     human-powered charger (HPC)     human-powered storage (HPS)     biofuel    

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An overview of the development history and technical progress of China’s coal-fired power industry

Weiliang WANG, Zheng LI, Junfu LYU, Hai ZHANG, Guangxi YUE, Weidou NI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 417-426 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0614-2

摘要： As the main power source of China, coal-fired power industry has achieved a great progress in installed capacity, manufacturing technologies, thermal efficiency, as well as pollutant control during the past century. With the fast development of renewable energies, coal-fired power industry is experiencing a strategic transformation. To specify the development of coal-fired power industry, its development history is reviewed and the technical progresses on aspects of thermal efficiency, pollutants control and peaking shaving capacity are discussed. It is concluded that the role of China’s coal-fired power source would be transformed from the dominant position to a base position in power source structure. Considering the sustainable development of coal-fired power industry in energy conservation, emission control, and utilization of renewable energies, it is suggested that the national average thermal efficiency should be improved by continual up-gradation of units by using advanced technologies and eliminating outdated capacity. Moreover, the emission standard of air pollutants should not be stricter any more in coal-fired power industry. Furthermore, the huge amount of combined heat and power (CHP) coal-fired units should be operated in a decoupled way, so as to release more than 350 GW regulation capacity for the grid to accept more renewable energy power.

关键词： coal-fired power     development strategy     eliminating outdated capacity     peak shaving     emission reduction     renewable energy    

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Family planning technical services in China

Shang-Chun WU

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 285-289 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0097-3

摘要： Family planning is a basic state policy in China. Its aim is to control population growth and to enhance population quality. Technical services are the key measures for implementing the family planning policy. In order to ensure that people use safe, effective, and appropriate contraceptive methods based on the government’s commitment, China has established countrywide family planning service networks down to the township level. The people can access various and convenient contraceptive services. In urban areas, all contraceptive services are free. The contraceptive prevalence rate in 2007 was 84.6%, the percentage of intrauterine device (IUD) was 52.3%, that of female sterilization was 32.3%, and that of vasectomy was 6.1%. This means that more than 90% of married childbearing couples were using long-term contraceptives. At the same time, the government gives priority to supporting research on contraceptive technology. Studies’ results have provided scientific evidence for development, introduction, and expansion of contraceptive methods, and also for establishment and revision of the technical guidelines. Great efforts have been made in promoting “human-oriented and client-centered” services during the recent ten years. Remarkable success has been achieved in improving the quality of technical services.

关键词： family planning     contraceptive method     service delivery    

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Creating technical heritage object replicas in a virtual environment

Olga EGOROVA,Dmitry SHCHERBININ

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第11卷 第1期   页码 108-115 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0363-4

摘要：

The paper presents innovative informatics methods for creating virtual technical heritage replicas, which are of significant scientific and practical importance not only to researchers but to the public in general. By performing 3D modeling and animation of aircrafts, spaceships, architectural-engineering buildings, and other technical objects, the process of learning is achieved while promoting the preservation of the replicas for future generations. Modern approaches based on the wide usage of computer technologies attract a greater number of young people to explore the history of science and technology and renew their interest in the field of mechanical engineering.

关键词： 3D document     history of science and technology     technical knowledge     popularization     virtual environment     replica     mechanism and machine science (MMS)    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Dynamic mechanism for the decline of China’s energy intensity during the 11th FYP (Five-Year Plan)

Minghui LI

期刊论文

Heating energy savings potential from retrofitting old apartments with an advanced double-skin façade

Yeo Beom YOON, Byeongmo SEO, Brian Baewon KOH, Soolyeon CHO

期刊论文

Pathway to energy technical innovation and commercialization based on Internet plus DES

Huiping LIU

期刊论文

Influences of Technical Innovation Mode on Innovation Strategy of Energy Enterprises

Lu Zhang,Dan-dan Wang,Min Wang,Ning Hui

期刊论文

The carbon dioxide removal potential of Liquid Air Energy Storage: A high-level technical and economic

Andrew LOCKLEY, Ted von HIPPEL

期刊论文

Spatial targeting evaluation of energy and environmental performance of waste-to-energy processing

Petar S. Varbanov, Timothy G. Walmsley, Yee V. Fan, Jiří J. Klemeš, Simon J. Perry

期刊论文

China’s energy—challenges and strategies

NI Weidou

期刊论文

新能源汽车发展意义及技术路线研究

陈清泉,高金燕,何璇,沈斌

期刊论文

英国可再生能源技术管理与开发调研

吴力斌,王欣太

期刊论文

Life cycle cost savings analysis on traditional drainage systems from low impact development strategies

Pengfei ZHANG, Samuel T. ARIARATNAM

期刊论文

我国能源技术革命形势及方向分析

饶宏, 李立浧, 郭晓斌, 许爱东, 白浩

期刊论文

Tackling global electricity shortage through human power: Technical opportunities from direct or indirectutilizations of the pervasive and green human energy

Dan DAI, Jing LIU

期刊论文

An overview of the development history and technical progress of China’s coal-fired power industry

Weiliang WANG, Zheng LI, Junfu LYU, Hai ZHANG, Guangxi YUE, Weidou NI

期刊论文

Family planning technical services in China

Shang-Chun WU

期刊论文

Creating technical heritage object replicas in a virtual environment

Olga EGOROVA,Dmitry SHCHERBININ

期刊论文